Montana has thousands of named rivers and creeks,[119] 450 miles (720km) of which are known for "blue-ribbon" trout fishing. Massive debt was one. Montana hosts numerous arts and cultural festivals and events every year. Montana is called the Treasure State because of its immense mineral wealth. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. [306] In 1914, Montana granted women the vote. Montana: Directed by Jennifer Leitzes. The latest resources and information from the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services can be found below. However, the 1889 Montana constitution significantly restricted the power of state government, the legislature was much more powerful than the executive branch, and the jurisdiction of the District Courts very specifically described. The council also passed rules limiting public gatherings and prohibiting the speaking of German in public. However, there are also a number of vibrant cities with a flair for cowboy culture. English is the official language in the state of Montana. The last recorded conflict in Montana between the U.S. Army and Native Americans occurred in 1887 during the Battle of Crow Agency in the Big Horn country. [202], While the largest European-American population in Montana is German (which may also include Austrian and Swiss, among other groups), pockets of significant Scandinavian ancestry are prevalent in some of the farming-dominated northern and eastern prairie regions, parallel to nearby regions of North Dakota and Minnesota. There are approximately 3,300,000 acres (13,000km2) of wilderness in 12 separate wilderness areas that are part of the National Wilderness Preservation System established by the Wilderness Act of 1964. Other major northsouth highways include U.S. The closest commercial service airport is the Billings-Logan International Airport located at 1901 Terminal Cir, Billings, Montana 59105. [59] The suppression of civil liberties that occurred led some historians to dub this period "Montana's Agony". The two chambers of the state's legislature had split party control from 2004 to 2010, when that year's mid-term elections decisively returned both branches to Republican control. Its state capital is Helena, while the largest city is Billings. According to the 2000 census, 94.8% of the population aged five and older speak English at home. You can make a real difference in the lives of students. [42], The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65km2) of federal land in the Midwest and western United States. It is the fourth-largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California,[75] and the largest landlocked state. [16] Until the Oregon Treaty of 1846, land west of the continental divide was disputed between the British and U.S. governments and was known as the Oregon Country. Montana currently has 129 active incorporated municipalities, of which 76 are towns, 51 are cities and 2 are consolidated city and county governments. Montana is an alcoholic beverage control state. [276][277] The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, which protects wildlife habitat and promotes hunting heritage, was founded in Montana. [188] The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415. Land United States: The northern Mountain region Montana The western two-fifths of Montana falls within the Rocky Mountains, and the eastern three-fifths lies upon the Great Plains. These numbers constituted about ten percent of the state's population, and Montana again contributed one of the highest numbers of soldiers per capita of any state. In 1985, the Montana Legislature passed a law allowing towns with fewer than 5,500 residents and unincorporated communities with fewer than 2,500 to levy a resort tax if more than half the community's income came from tourism. Montana is the home of the Federation of Fly Fishers and hosts many of the organization's annual conclaves. Trapping of assorted fur-bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. The state provides epic scenery, crowd-free terrain, a burgeoning food and drink scene, and some of Americas most breathtakingly stunning national parks. [244] Sarah quit teaching the following year, but she later became the Madison County superintendent of schools.[243]. [needs update], Montana is a relative hub of beer microbrewing, ranking third in the nation in number of craft breweries per capita in 2011. 624 sqft. Montana's Senate district is the fourth largest by area, behind Alaska, Texas, and California. This pattern shifted, beginning with the 1988 election when Montana elected a Republican governor for the first time since 1964 and sent a Republican to the U.S. Senate for the first time since 1948. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. In the reapportionment following the 2020 census, Montana regained a House seat, increasing the state's number of representatives in the House to two after a thirty-year break, starting from 2023.[318]. [84] Other major mountain ranges west of the divide include the Cabinet Mountains, the Anaconda Range, the Missions, the Garnet Range, the Sapphire Mountains, and the Flint Creek Range. [45], In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began to promote settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. [295][296], During the age of the Copper Kings, each Montana copper company had its own newspaper. The state is situated in the Northern Rockies and Plains region in the northwestern United States. Montana (/mntn/ (listen)) is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. Montana and Canada share a 545-mile part of the worlds longest undefended (which means there are no soldiers or armies on either side) border. Its capital is Helena. The U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service administers 110,000 acres (450km2) of 1.1million acres of National Wildlife Refuges and waterfowl production areas in Montana. [254] One is a member of the Great Northwest Athletic Conference. [17] In 1847, Fort Benton was built as the uppermost fur-trading post on the Missouri River. [133] Other major Montana tributaries of the Missouri include the Smith,[134] Milk,[135] Marias,[136] Judith,[137] and Musselshell Rivers. There are also nine other statewide elected offices in the executive branch: Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, State Auditor (who also serves as Commissioner of Securities and Insurance), and Superintendent of Public Instruction. [73], In the post-World War II Cold War era, Montana became host to U.S. Air Force Military Air Transport Service (1947) for airlift training in C-54 Skymasters and eventually, in 1953 Strategic Air Command air and missile forces were based at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Great Falls. Montana has quickly become a coveted travel destination. The health care, service, and government sectors are also significant to the state's economy. (The Public Service Commission's jurisdiction is statewide.). Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. In the reapportionment following the 1990 census, Montana lost one of its House seats. The aptly-named Heart of Montana is an outdoor recreation paradise: hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking and biking are just a few of the possibilities for those of you who enjoy the great outdoors. Montana is home to diverse fauna including 14 amphibian,[155] 90 fish,[156] 117 mammal,[157] 20 reptile,[158] and 427 bird[159] species. [144] It is the longest undammed, free-flowing river in the contiguous United States,[145][146] and drains about a quarter of Montana (36,000 square miles (93,000km2)). [184] Based on 2013 census numbers, they contain 35 percent of Montana's population,[185] and the counties in which they are located are home to 62 percent of the state's population.[186]. The front is often well defined, causing a large temperature drop in a 24-hour period. State Symbols Official Designations", "St. Mary's Mission in Stevensville designated National Historic District", "Tester Asks Navy to Christen Submarine USS Montana", "Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Species in Montana-Endangered Species Act", "Trapping and Furbearer Management in Montana", "Upper Yellowstone River Mapping Project", "USGS Geonames Search Result-Montana+Stream", "Vermont Remains Top State in Capita per Brewery", "Welcome to the Montana High School Association", "Welcome to the World Ski Joring Championships", "Yellowstone in Winter: Current Management and Planning", List of Searchable Databases Produced by Montana State Agencies, Montana Energy Data & StatisticsFrom the U.S. Department of Energy, Montana State Facts From the U.S. Department of Agriculture, USGS Real-time, Geographic, and Other Scientific Resources of Montana, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montana&oldid=1134416842, States and territories established in 1889, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2020, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2014, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2021, Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with dead external links from February 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from January 2023, Articles with self-published sources from December 2017, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Total employer establishments: 38,720 (As of 2018. Email agent. The highest observed summer temperature was 117F or 47.2C at Glendive on July 20, 1893, and Medicine Lake on July 5, 1937. Montana", "Montana | Capital, Population, Climate, Map, & Facts", Canadian Council for Geographic Education 2013, Geographical Dictionary Of The World 1900, Waterbody Report-Clarks Fork Yellowstone River 2013, "Montana's wolf population remains strong", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", University of Montana, Bureau of Business and Economic Research 2011, "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana; United States", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Montana - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", Census Bureau-Annual Estimates of Race 2012, Montana Office of Public Instruction 2009, "Montana Constitution, Article X, section 1", "Montana Schools Try to Keep Indian Students Engaged by Teaching Indian Culture to All", "National Vital Statistics Reports Volume 64, Number 1, January 15, 2015", "National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 12, December 23, 2015 (The general fertility rate for 2014 on page 4 was corrected to read 62.9 on December 23, 2015. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans in what today is Montana was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. She referred to Butte throughout the rest of her career and remains a controversial figure there for her mixture of criticism and love for Butte and its people. [309] The draft included an expanded, more progressive list of civil and political rights, extended these rights to children for the first time, transferred administration of property taxes to the counties from the state, implemented new water rights, eliminated sovereign immunity, and gave the legislature greater power to spend tax revenues. District Courts have jurisdiction primarily over most civil cases, cases involving a monetary claim against the state, felony criminal cases, probate, and cases at law and in equity. Montana's fastest-growing sector is tourism, with 12.6 million tourists (as of 2019) visiting the state each year. Primarily rural, Montana is home to national parks, miles of open country, an abundance of wildlife and spectacular scenery. Read on for our top 15 places to visit in Montana in 2022. Still, the state's most important eastwest travel corridor, the route is today served by Interstate 90 and Interstate 94 which roughly follow the same route as the Northern Pacific. 1 bed. Most of the eastern part of the state is prairie. Decisions of the court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. There have also been long-term shifts in party control. We love all of Montana! The Kerguelen Islands are antipodal to the MontanaSaskatchewanAlberta border. As of August2021[update], the state's unemployment rate is 3.5%.[237]. [168], Average daytime temperatures vary from 28F or 2.2C in January to 84.5F or 29.2C in July. Email agent. From 1889 to 1909, elections for judicial office in Montana were partisan. This is a broad outline history of the state of Montana in the United States . The first constitution was drafted by a constitutional convention in 1889, in preparation for statehood. [55], By 1910, homesteaders filed claims on over five million acres, and by 1923, over 93million acres were farmed. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks operate approximately 275,265 acres (1,113.96km2) of state parks and access points on the state's rivers and lakes. Montana's Official State Website - Home Featured Resources Election Results File Your Tax Return or Where's my Refund File Upload for W-2s, 1099s & MW-3s Montana REAL ID File an Unemployment Claim Online Driver License Renewal Education Donation Portal Search for a Job Renew your Professional License Hunting Information Register A Business Historically, the state was traversed by the main lines of three eastwest transcontinental routes: the Milwaukee Road, the Great Northern, and the Northern Pacific. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Flowers native to Montana include asters, bitterroots, daisies, lupins, poppies, primroses, columbine, lilies, orchids, and dryads. The Montana Supreme Court has the authority to declare acts of the legislature and executive unconstitutional under either the Montana or U.S. constitutions. Montana has a history of voters splitting their tickets and filling elected offices with individuals from both parties. Many Native Americans were among those who served, including soldiers from the Crow Nation who became Code Talkers. [70], In 1940, Jeannette Rankin was again elected to Congress. Her actions were widely criticized in Montana, where support for the war and patriotism was strong. [201] Billings (4,619), Great Falls (2,942), Missoula (1,838), Havre (1,210), and Polson (706) have the most Native Americans living there. Population (2020) 1,084,225. [278], Montana also has millions of acres open to cross-country skiing on nine of its national forests and in Glacier National Park. Population (2020) 1,084,225. Eastern Montana comprises plains and badlands, broken by hills and isolated mountain ranges, and has a semi-arid, continental climate (Kppen climate classification BSk). WASHINGTON, D.C. November 7, 1889 The state is situated in the Northern Rockies and Plains region in the northwestern United States. The first school term started in early winter and lasted only until February 28. [81] About 60 percent of the state is prairie, part of the northern Great Plains. Senator in 1978). The Office of the Commissioner of Higher Education acts in an executive capacity on behalf of the regents and oversees the state-run Montana University System. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. Glendive, Great Falls, Havre City, Lewis Town, and Miles City are located east of the Continental Divide and experience a semi-arid steppe climate. [300][301] Montana's other major airports include Missoula International Airport, Great Falls International Airport, Glacier Park International Airport, Helena Regional Airport, Bert Mooney Airport and Yellowstone Airport. Sarah Raymond was paid $125 per month, and Mrs. Farley was paid $75 per month. Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. [107], The area east of the divide in the state's north-central portion is known for the Missouri Breaks and other significant rock formations. Montana currently has 129 active incorporated municipalities, of which 76 are towns, 51 are cities and 2 are consolidated city and county governments. They say it will stay with you forever. [181], Montana has 56 counties and a total of 364 "places" as defined by the United States Census Bureau; the latter comprising 129 incorporated places and 235 census-designated places. The closest commercial service airport is the Billings-Logan International Airport located at 1901 Terminal Cir, Billings, Montana 59105. Montana's Official State Website - Home Featured Resources Election Results File Your Tax Return or Where's my Refund File Upload for W-2s, 1099s & MW-3s Montana REAL ID File an Unemployment Claim Online Driver License Renewal Education Donation Portal Search for a Job Renew your Professional License Hunting Information Register A Business Alaska and Hawaii have both had nuclear submarines named after them. [201], The Chinese in Montana, while a low percentage today, have been a historically important presence. [115] Farther east, areas such as Makoshika State Park near Glendive and Medicine Rocks State Park near Ekalaka contain some of the most scenic badlands regions in the state. Its size is comparable to countries such as Norway, Zimbabwe, and Japan. [116], The Hell Creek Formation in Northeast Montana is a major source of dinosaur fossils. The amount of property tax owed is not determined solely by the property's value. The 38th Annual Montana Aviation Conference will be held at the Billings Hotel and Convention Center located at 1223 Mullowney Lane, Billngs, Montana 59101. [87] Due to the configuration of mountain ranges in Glacier National Park, the Northern Divide (which begins in Alaska's Seward Peninsula)[88] crosses this region and turns east in Montana at Triple Divide Peak. Discover miles of inspiration here, and find out for yourself. The most notorious of Montana's early senators was William A. Clark, a "Copper King" and one of the 50 richest Americans ever. 1 bath. The state provides epic scenery, crowd-free terrain, a burgeoning food and drink scene, and some of Americas most breathtakingly stunning national parks. [247] James Willard Schultz ("Apikuni") from Browning is most noted for his prolific stories about Blackfeet life and his contributions to the naming of prominent features in Glacier National Park.[248]. View Montana Towns By Population. Impact. Image: pxfuel 1. The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation administers approximately 300,000 acres (1,200km2) of land and water surface in the state. However, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time, and Republican governors 40 percent of the time. The Indian Education for All Act was passed in 1999 to provide funding for this mandate and ensure implementation. [286], Montana does not have a Trauma I hospital but does have Trauma II hospitals in Missoula, Billings, and Great Falls. The aptly-named Heart of Montana is an outdoor recreation paradise: hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking and biking are just a few of the possibilities for those of you who enjoy the great outdoors. Wyoming is to the south, Idaho is to the west and southwest, and the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan are to the north, making it the only state to border three Canadian provinces. [110] Surface soils in the area are highly diverse, and greatly affected by the local geology, whether glaciated plain, intermountain basin, mountain foothills, or tableland. Everyone wants the money and On August 1, 1917, he was dragged from his boarding house by masked vigilantes, and hanged from a railroad trestle, considered a lynching. The court employs 12 permanent special masters. They are overseen by District Court judges. The Continental Divide has a considerable effect on the climate, as it restricts the flow of warmer air from the Pacific from moving east, and drier continental air from moving west. Montana has quickly become a coveted travel destination. Beginning in 1909, these elections became nonpartisan. [89] It causes the Waterton River, Belly, and Saint Mary rivers to flow north into Alberta, Canada. However, public opinion grew increasingly negative towards them in the 1890s, and nearly half of the state's Asian population left by 1900. Every gift, no matter the size, helps Montana State fulfill its land grant mission and provides unparalleled educational opportunities for future generations. The students were Indian children and the children of Fort Owen employees. Billings [76], The state's topography is roughly defined by the Continental Divide, which splits much of the state into distinct eastern and western regions. This act brought mostly cattle and sheep ranchers into Montana, many of whom grazed their herds on the Montana prairie for three years, did little to irrigate the land and then abandoned it without paying the final fees. The remaining seat was again elected at-large. The state has robust recreational lake trout and kokanee salmon fisheries in the west, walleye can be found in many parts of the state, while northern pike, smallmouth and largemouth bass fisheries as well as catfish and paddlefish can be found in the waters of eastern Montana. The mountain ranges block the moist Pacific air, holding moisture in the western valleys, and creating rain shadows to the east. These included a Native American language (64%), German (4%), Spanish (3%), Russian (1%), and Chinese (less than 0.5%).[224]. Is Montana a good place to live?
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